CLASSICAL DRAMA
In golden ages of ancient Greek, Aristotele
was one of the greatest philosophers that gave to contribute to all of humanity
in knowledges.
Aristotele introduced some fine arts like novel, poetry,
short story, drama, and other.
Classical drama is a fiction story to
entertain audiences, however in modern era, drama can be from a real story that
maybe produced.
The meaning of aesthetics
Aesthetics is the study of beauty and
taste in prose, such as language style, figure of
speech, and other.
Difference between novel, short story, and drama
Novel and short story are a prose that have aesthetics in story telling to readers
but
Drama is not a prose that give aesthetics
in storytelling which drama are clear acts in story telling directly.
Purpose of drama is to entertain the audiences
comfortably.
So,
what is the drama?
A written composition that tell a serious
story to include plot, conflicts, emotions, action of characters, dialogues,
and designed for theatrical performance.
Or
All emotional of character action that
give a message to audiences in story ending.
Drama is often combined with music and
dance. Drama in opera is generally sung. Example of drama: Romeo and Julia
(Romeo and Juliet) by William Shakespeare.
Traditional
drama is divided in comedy and tragedy
- Comedy is presented by laughing face.
- Tragedy is presented by weeping face.
3
structure in drama (aristotele):
1.
Set
up
Set up is how to introduce the characters (such as: protagonist,
antagonist, ally, and extras), background, desire of protagonist.
2.
Development
or confrontation
Development is
how to build obstacle to protagonist in desire getting, such as: stake, beat,
climax (terms in screenplay).
3.
Resolution
Resolution is an
ending of story or conflict finish (such
as: anti climax, twist).
Thinking
Concepts in story writing :
Idealism: the objects of knowledge are held to be
in some way dependent on the activity of mind. Example: a killer must get a
punishment heavily.
Empiricism: all
knowledge is derived from sense-experience. Example: HIV virus will kill every
human.
Balance: composition of
idealism and empiricism. It’s
good concept in story writing.
MODERN DRAMA
- Theatre drama :
musical drama, opera, and other.
- TV drama : action,
horror, commedy drama, and other.
Main
elements of drama
Idea, premise, setting,
character, plot, and dialogue.
Premise: summary in one
sentence.
Idea: main point that whole
story makes.
Character: people’s
role in a play.
Plot: The events in a
play.
Setting: the time,
place or background.
Dialogue: conversation
between characters
Technical
elements of drama
Costumes: character’s clothing,
and accecoris.
Props: short for
properties or building.
Lights: to help
communications in environment, like; mood.
Make up: face and body
paint
Sounds:
sound effects, music or instrument in drama.
Floor: a theatre that
is designed for drama needs
Character performances are very important in
drama
Why? Because character
actions are a cental in story telling.
Character
Performances
1. Acting: use face,
body, and voice to portray character.
2. Character Analysis:
examining how the elements of drama are used.
3. Empathy: the capacity
to relate to the feelings.
4. Speaking: the made
of expression or delivery of lines.
5. Breath control: proper
use of the lungs and diaphragm muscle.
6. Vocal expression:
how an actor uses his or her voice.
7. Inflection: change
in pitch or loudness of the voice.
8. Projection: how well
the voice carries to the audience.
9. Speaking style: the
made of expression or delivery of lines.
10. Gestures: movement
of the characther’s body to convey meaning.
11. Faxial expression:
Physical and vocal aspects used by a character.
Instruments
in drama
Instrument in drama is composition
tools in creating a suspense situation of plot (such as: music, sound effects,
etc). Instrument is enough importance to build situation.
Stripping in screenplay
A great story is born
from good premise.
Premise is crucial.
Why? Because premise is a guide to write the story.
How
to make a screenplay?
1.
idea
Idea is main point that
whole story makes.
2.
premise
Premise is a story summary
in one sentence and consist of 25 maximal words (describe protagonist, motive,
and obstacle).
Formulation:
SWS “Someone wants something badly but getting hard time getting it.”
Before
step to synopsis, we must make
characters in the story, such as The
creation of character (How to build charactes, character arc (perubahan
karakter dalam bertindak), characteristic, etc.
3.
Synopsis
Synopsis is a story
summary that have some acts (sequences) in it. Concept make synopsis to need designing
principal in it. Designing principal is change or creativity.
Explanation
Duration movie: 120
minutes consist of
Set up: 30 minutes
Development or
confrontation: 60 menit
Resolution: 30 minutes
A script page is 1 minute (standardization)
So, Drama’s duration at
about 120 minutes are 120 script pages
- Plot: sequence list
in story
Plot : main plot and
sub plot
- Scene: a smallest
unit in sequences (adegan).
- Sequence: structure
of story or collection of many scenes.
- 8 secuenqe (big movie,
ftv, drama), 5 sequence (sinetron, etc).
4.
Scene plot or treatment
Scene plot is some
scenes written without dialogue.
5.
Screenplay
Screenplay is a script
for drama with dialogue (full script for produced).
Romeo and Juliet
By
Wiliam
Shakespeare.
-
Idea: tragic romance of two teenagers.
-
Premise: Romeo montague and Juliet capulet are teenagers
fall love deeply but their families are bitter enemies.
Characters
Ruling
house of Verona
House
of Capulet
-
Peter, Sampson and Gregory are servants of the Capulet household.
House
of Montague
-
Abram and Balthasar are servants of the Montague household.
Others
- Friar
John is sent to deliver Friar Laurence's letter to Romeo.
- An
Apothecary who reluctantly sells Romeo poison.
Synopsis
The play, set in Verona, begins with a street brawl between Montague and Capulet servants
who, like their masters, are sworn enemies. Prince Escalus of Verona intervenes and declares that further breach of the peace
will be punishable by death. Later, Count Paris talks to Capulet about marrying his daughter Juliet, but Capulet asks Paris to wait another two years and invites
him to attend a planned Capulet ball. Lady Capulet and Juliet's nurse try to persuade Juliet to
accept Paris's courtship.
Meanwhile, Benvolio talks with his cousin Romeo, Montague's son,
about Romeo's recent depression. Benvolio discovers that it stems from
unrequited infatuation for a girl named Rosaline, one of Capulet's nieces. Persuaded by Benvolio and Mercutio, Romeo attends the ball at the Capulet house in hopes of
meeting Rosaline. However, Romeo instead meets and falls in love with Juliet.
Juliet's cousin, Tybalt, is enraged at Romeo for sneaking into the
ball, but is only stopped from killing Romeo by Juliet's father, who doesn't
wish to shed blood in his house. After the ball, in what is now called the
"balcony scene", Romeo sneaks into the Capulet orchard and overhears
Juliet at her window vowing her love to him in spite of her family's hatred of
the Montagues. Romeo makes himself known to her and they agree to be married.
With the help of Friar Laurence, who hopes to reconcile the two families
through their children's union, they are secretly married the next day.
Tybalt, meanwhile, still incensed that Romeo had sneaked into
the Capulet ball, challenges him to a duel. Romeo, now considering Tybalt his
kinsman, refuses to fight. Mercutio is offended by Tybalt's insolence, as well
as Romeo's "vile submission" and accepts the duel on Romeo's behalf.
Mercutio is fatally wounded when Romeo attempts to break up the fight.
Grief-stricken and wracked with guilt, Romeo confronts and slays Tybalt.
Montague argues that Romeo has justly executed Tybalt for the
murder of Mercutio. The Prince, now having lost a kinsman in the warring
families' feud, exiles Romeo from Verona, under penalty of death if he ever
returns. Romeo secretly spends the night in Juliet's chamber, where they consummate their marriage. Capulet, misinterpreting Juliet's grief,
agrees to marry her to Count Paris and threatens to disown her when she refuses
to become Paris's "joyful bride". When she then pleads for the
marriage to be delayed, her mother rejects her.
Juliet visits Friar Laurence for help, and he offers her a
potion that will put her into a deathlike coma for "two and forty
hours" The Friar promises to send a messenger to inform Romeo of the
plan, so that he can rejoin her when she awakens. On the night before the
wedding, she takes the drug and, when discovered apparently dead, she is laid
in the family crypt.
The messenger, however, does not reach Romeo and, instead, Romeo
learns of Juliet's apparent death from his servant Balthasar. Heartbroken,
Romeo buys poison from an apothecary and
goes to the Capulet crypt. He encounters Paris who has come to mourn
Juliet privately. Believing Romeo to be a vandal, Paris confronts him and, in
the ensuing battle, Romeo kills Paris. Still believing Juliet to be dead, he
drinks the poison. Juliet then awakens and, finding Romeo dead, stabs herself
with his dagger. The feuding families and the Prince meet at the tomb to find
all three dead. Friar Laurence recounts the story of the two "star-cross'd
lovers". The families are reconciled by their children's deaths and agree
to end their violent feud. The play ends with the Prince's elegy for the
lovers: "For never was a story of more woe/Than this of Juliet and her
Romeo.”
Conclusion
Drama purpose to entertain audiences directly. Where
the audiences can conclude messages in ending of story.
Please, download screenplay "Romeo and Juliet." below
https://www.4shared.com/file/8xaMZB8Ece/WILLIAM_SHAKESPEARE__Screenpla.html
https://www.4shared.com/file/8xaMZB8Ece/WILLIAM_SHAKESPEARE__Screenpla.html
